Bangladesh: Tragedia revela la urgente necesidad de protección para trabajadores

El colapso de un edificio de ocho plantas que albergaba varias fábrica textiles en las proximidades de Dacca evidencia la necesidad urgente de mejorar las garantías para la salud y la seguridad de los trabajadores de Bangladesh. Las reformas deberían incluir una revisión radical del sistema gubernamental de inspecciones laborales y el cese de los intentos del gobierno por frustrar el derecho de los trabajadores a sindicarse.Respuesta del partido SAIn

El edificio Rana Plaza, ubicado en la zona de Savar, afuera de la capital de Bangladesh, albergaba cinco fábricas textiles. El colapso del complejo se produjo el 24 de abril de 2013, justo antes de las 9 a.m. Al momento de la redacción del presente, el número de muertos provocado por el colapso ascendía a varios cientos de víctimas, en su mayoría trabajadores textiles, y aún había numerosas personas atrapadas entre los escombros. El edificio había sido evacuado el día anterior, al aparecer grietas importantes en las paredes. Numerosos trabajadores se mostraron renuentes a ingresar al edificio en la mañana del colapso, pero finalmente lo hicieron luego de que les indicaran que las condiciones eran seguras, o tras ser amenazados por capataces.

“En vista de los graves antecedentes de muertes de trabajadores en fábricas, lamentablemente esta tragedia era predecible”, indicó Brad Adams, director para Asia de Human Rights Watch. “El gobierno, los propietarios de fábricas locales y la industria internacional de indumentaria pagan los salarios más bajos a nivel mundial y no han tenido la decencia de brindar condiciones seguras a quienes producen las prendas que visten personas en todo el mundo”.

El colapso del edificio Rana es el último acontecimiento de una larga lista de tragedias ocurridas en talleres en Bangladesh. En abril de 2005, 73 trabajadores del sector de indumentaria murieron al desplomarse una fábrica en Savar. En febrero de 2006, 18 trabajadores perdieron la vida en un taller de indumentaria que colapsó en Dacca. En junio de 2010, 25 personas murieron al derrumbarse un edificio en Dacca. En noviembre de 2012, más de 100 trabajadores murieron en un incendio en una fábrica en Dacca.

Es sabido que en Bangladesh los mecanismos de inspección para garantizar la seguridad en el lugar de trabajo son sumamente deficientes El Departamento de Inspección del Ministerio de Trabajo, encargado de supervisar que los empleadores cumplan con la Ley de Trabajo de Bangladesh, presenta una falta de recursos crónica. En junio de 2012, el Departamento de Inspección contaba con tan sólo 18 inspectores y subinspectores para controlar aproximadamente 100.000 fábricas en el distrito de Dacca, donde se ubica el edificio Rana. Tan sólo el sector de indumentaria emplea a cerca de 3 millones de trabajadores.

Cuando los inspectores advierten infracciones a la Ley de Trabajo, las multas que se fijan en virtud de esta norma son insuficientes para instar a los empresarios a cumplir las reglamentaciones. Si bien la ley prevé penas de prisión para quienes vulneren las normas sobre salud y seguridad laboral, en general las infracciones sólo dan lugar a la aplicación de multas de aproximadamente US$ 13 por caso.

En junio de 2012, funcionarios del Departamento de Inspección señalaron a Human Rights Watch que consideraban prioritario mantener buenas relaciones con los gerentes de las fábricas, lo cual implica que es habitual que se avise a los talleres anticipadamente cuando está previsto realizar una inspección. Un subjefe de inspectores explicó al respecto: “Intentamos siempre mantener buenas relaciones con el sector gerencial. Normalmente les avisamos antes [sobre una inspección]. A veces les enviamos una carta, y en otras ocasiones nos comunicamos telefónicamente si tenemos el número”.

“A lo largo de los años, los distintos gobiernos de Bangladesh se han ocupado de la seguridad de los trabajadores tan sólo en apariencia, cuando en verdad son solamente los dueños de estas fábricas quienes tienen llegada a las autoridades que definen las políticas”, aseveró Adams.

La renuencia del gobierno y la industria a reconocer los derechos de los trabajadores contribuyó a que se produjeran estas muertes, al obstaculizar la posibilidad de que los empleados pudieran negarse a trabajar en condiciones inseguras. Según señalaron sindicalistas de Dacca, en ninguno de los talleres que albergaba el edificio Rana Plaza los trabajadores pertenecían a sindicatos. La aplicación deficiente de normas laborales en Bangladesh favorece la impunidad de empleadores que hostigan e intimidan a trabajadores y sindicalistas locales que intentan ejercer su derecho a organizarse y participar en negociaciones colectivas.

Las organizaciones sindicales de Bangladesh operan en un entorno mayormente hostil. Aún no se han esclarecido los hechos vinculados con la tortura, seguida de muerte, del defensor de los derechos laborales Aminul Islam, en abril de 2012. Islam había sido detenido y torturado anteriormente por miembros de las fuerzas de seguridad gubernamentales. En la actualidad, más de una decena de defensores de derechos laborales enfrentan dudosos cargos penales. El gobierno continua impulsando acciones legales destinadas a intimidar al Centro de Bangladesh para la Solidaridad de los Trabajadores (Bangladesh Center for Worker Solidarity, BCWS), una organización no gubernamental que trabaja en estrecha colaboración con los sindicatos, y ha revocado arbitrariamente su habilitación como ONG.

Si uno o más de los talleres ubicados en Rana Plaza hubieran estado sindicados, los trabajadores podrían haberse negado a ingresar al edificio el día que colapsó”, afirmó Adams. “Esta tragedia muestra que en Bangladesh el derecho a organizar sindicatos no busca solamente conseguir salarios dignos, sino que se trata de salvar vidas”.

Las empresas internacionales que compran prendas y otros productos a fábricas de Bangladesh tienen la responsabilidad de controlar que se garantice la seguridad de los trabajadores a lo largo de toda la cadena de suministro. Los talleres en el edificio Rana Plaza proveían mercadería a gran cantidad de marcas de ropa internacionales. Human Rights Watch instó a todas las empresas a asegurar que las prendas que provengan de Bangladesh se fabriquen en talleres que cumplan plenamente con los estándares internacionales y las leyes laborales del país, a través de auditorías externas confiables y de visitas a los talleres proveedores.

“Empresas y consumidores de todo el mundo se benefician de la mano de obra barata en Bangladesh, pero pocas veces exigen condiciones elementales y humanas para quienes, con su arduo trabajo, hacen que esto sea posible”, observó Adams. “Es tiempo de que las empresas anuncien que no aceptarán prendas de fabricantes que no cumplan condiciones básicas. Algunas de las empresas más importantes del mundo ya no pueden seguir apelando al desconocimiento y el bajo costo como excusa”.

“¿Cuántas tragedias más deberán ocurrir en talleres antes de que el gobierno de Bangladesh dé prioridad a la seguridad de los trabajadores y ponga fin a ese vínculo promiscuo con poderosos propietarios de empresas?”, cuestionó Adams. “Hasta tanto Bangladesh regule adecuadamente los lugares de trabajo y combata seriamente las condiciones laborales inseguras y a quienes las generan, los trabajadores en los talleres continuarán pagando con sus propias vidas”.

https://www.hrw.org/es/news/2013/04/26/bangladesh-tragedia-revela-la-urgente-necesidad-de-proteccion-para-trabajadores

4.128 respuestas a «Bangladesh: Tragedia revela la urgente necesidad de protección para trabajadores»

  1. hey there and thank you for your info – I’ve certainly picked up anything new from right here.
    I did however expertise several technical points using this website, as I experienced to reload the site
    many times previous to I could get it to load properly. I had been wondering
    if your hosting is OK? Not that I am complaining, but slow loading instances times will often affect
    your placement in google and can damage your high
    quality score if advertising and marketing with Adwords.
    Well I am adding this RSS to my email and can look out for
    much more of your respective intriguing content.
    Ensure that you update this again very soon.

  2. Hey I know this is off topic but I was wondering if you knew of any widgets I could add to my
    blog that automatically tweet my newest twitter updates.
    I’ve been looking for a plug-in like this for quite some time and was
    hoping maybe you would have some experience with something like this.

    Please let me know if you run into anything. I truly enjoy reading your blog and I look forward to your
    new updates.

  3. Undeniably believe that which you said. Your favorite reason appeared to be on the net
    the simplest thing to understand of. I say to you, I
    definitely get annoyed while other folks consider issues that
    they just don’t realize about. You controlled to hit the nail upon the highest and outlined out the whole thing without
    having side effect , folks can take a signal. Will likely be back
    to get more. Thanks

  4. Today, I went to the beach front with my children. I found a sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said «You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.» She put the shell to
    her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it pinched her ear.

    She never wants to go back! LoL I know this is entirely off topic but I had
    to tell someone!

  5. I loved as much as you’ll receive carried out right here.
    The sketch is attractive, your authored material stylish.
    nonetheless, you command get got an nervousness over that you wish be delivering the following.
    unwell unquestionably come more formerly again since exactly the same nearly a lot often inside case
    you shield this increase.

  6. Wonderful goods from you, man. I’ve understand your stuff previous to and
    you are just too wonderful. I really like what you’ve acquired here, certainly like what you are saying and
    the way in which you say it. You make it entertaining and you still take care of to keep it sensible.
    I can’t wait to read much more from you. This is actually a wonderful website.

  7. Heya excellent blog! Does running a blog like this take a massive amount work?
    I have virtually no understanding of computer programming
    but I had been hoping to start my own blog in the
    near future. Anyways, should you have any
    ideas or techniques for new blog owners please share.
    I know this is off subject nevertheless I just had to ask.
    Appreciate it!

  8. My developer is trying to convince me to move to .net from PHP.
    I have always disliked the idea because of the expenses.
    But he’s tryiong none the less. I’ve been using WordPress on various websites for
    about a year and am concerned about switching to another platform.
    I have heard fantastic things about blogengine.net. Is there a way I can transfer all
    my wordpress content into it? Any help would be greatly appreciated!

  9. Hi there, I found your web site by means of Google even as searching for a comparable subject, your site came up,
    it appears great. I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.

    Hi there, simply become alert to your blog thru Google, and located that it is really informative.
    I’m gonna be careful for brussels. I’ll be grateful if you proceed
    this in future. A lot of folks shall be benefited out of your writing.
    Cheers!

  10. Hi I am so excited I found your webpage, I really found you by mistake,
    while I was searching on Aol for something else, Regardless I am here now and would just like to say kudos for a fantastic post and a all round enjoyable blog (I
    also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to go through it all at the
    minute but I have saved it and also added your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read a great
    deal more, Please do keep up the awesome work.

  11. Hi there, I discovered your web site by way of Google whilst looking for a similar matter, your site got here up, it looks great.
    I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.
    Hi there, simply became alert to your weblog through Google, and found that
    it’s really informative. I am gonna watch out for brussels.
    I will appreciate should you proceed this in future.
    Numerous other people might be benefited from your writing.
    Cheers!

  12. First of all I want to say excellent blog! I had a quick
    question that I’d like to ask if you do not mind.
    I was interested to find out how you center yourself and clear your head before writing.
    I have had a tough time clearing my thoughts in getting my ideas out.
    I do enjoy writing but it just seems like the first 10 to 15 minutes are generally lost simply
    just trying to figure out how to begin. Any ideas or hints?
    Thank you!

  13. In the event you let them know that you just worth their knowledge and perhaps even recommend one thing that you suppose others
    would like to listen to extra about, they might understand that they have one thing
    worth sharing and that we might love to listen to from them.
    Each image has a special return value for players. Lalu bettor
    memilih berapa banyak koin yang akan dipertaruhkan di
    setiap baris. Baik dalam perjalanan ke kantor, privasi
    rumah Anda sendiri, atau saat makan malam yang canggung
    dengan mertua Anda, Slot Online memungkinkan pemain untuk memilih tempat mereka bermain daripada harus duduk di tempat
    yang tetap. Untuk itulah Anda harus mengetahui cara memilih
    situs judi slot online terpercaya. Jenis mesin slot
    on-line berikut ini sering digunakan oleh klub judi ternama, di mesin slot yang satu ini anda bisa mendapatkan jackpot dengan berbagai ukuran tentunya.
    Namun, entah bagaimana, masih banyak orang yang tertarik dengan tawaran situs palsu itu.

    Petunjuk untuk membedakan situs internet taruhan slot on-line yang dipercaya cukup sederhana, itu juga dapat dilihat dengan mata telanjang.

    1. Taruhan slot online adalah jenis permainan yang
    paling menguji karma Anda, oleh karena itu dalam 1 atau 2 putaran lebih baik untuk
    memasang taruhan dengan jumlah kecil jika Anda menang karena dalam twist berikut melipatgandakan nilai taruhan selama ini.

  14. I’ve been exploring for a bit for any high quality articles
    or blog posts on this sort of area . Exploring in Yahoo I finally stumbled
    upon this site. Studying this information So i am satisfied to express that I have an incredibly excellent uncanny feeling I found out just what I needed.

    I most certainly will make sure to do not omit this
    web site and give it a glance on a relentless basis.

  15. First off I want to say superb blog! I had a quick question which I’d like
    to ask if you don’t mind. I was curious to know
    how you center yourself and clear your head before writing.
    I have had trouble clearing my thoughts in getting my
    ideas out. I do enjoy writing but it just seems like the first 10 to 15 minutes
    are usually lost simply just trying to figure
    out how to begin. Any suggestions or hints?
    Kudos!

  16. Howdy! I know this is somewhat off-topic however I had to ask.
    Does building a well-established website such as yours take a lot of work?
    I’m completely new to operating a blog however I do write in my diary on a daily basis.
    I’d like to start a blog so I can share my personal experience and thoughts online.
    Please let me know if you have any ideas or tips for brand new aspiring bloggers.

    Appreciate it!

  17. I think everything published made a bunch of sense.

    However, what about this? what if you wrote a catchier post title?
    I mean, I don’t want to tell you how to run your blog, but what if you added a headline that makes people
    desire more? I mean Bangladesh: Tragedy Shows Urgency of Worker Protections – Dignitex is kinda boring.
    You might look at Yahoo’s front page and watch how they create article titles
    to get viewers interested. You might try adding a video or a pic or two to get readers interested about everything’ve written. In my
    opinion, it might make your website a little bit more interesting.

  18. Greetings! I know this is kinda off topic however , I’d figured I’d ask.
    Would you be interested in trading links or maybe
    guest writing a blog post or vice-versa? My site covers
    a lot of the same subjects as yours and I feel we could greatly benefit from each other.
    If you are interested feel free to shoot me an email.
    I look forward to hearing from you! Fantastic blog by the way!

  19. What i do not realize is in fact how you are not actually a
    lot more well-liked than you might be now.
    You’re very intelligent. You know therefore considerably when it comes to this topic, produced me personally imagine it from
    a lot of various angles. Its like men and women aren’t fascinated except it’s one thing
    to do with Girl gaga! Your personal stuffs excellent.
    Always deal with it up!

  20. I think what you said made a bunch of sense.
    But, think about this, what if you added a little information? I am not saying your content is not solid., but what if you added a post title to possibly grab a person’s
    attention? I mean Bangladesh: Tragedy Shows Urgency of Worker Protections – Dignitex is
    a little plain. You ought to glance at Yahoo’s front page and watch how they create post headlines to grab
    viewers interested. You might try adding a video
    or a related picture or two to grab people
    interested about what you’ve written. In my opinion, it might
    make your blog a little livelier.

  21. Hi I am so happy I found your blog, I really found you by accident, while I was researching on Bing for
    something else, Regardless I am here now and would just like to say
    kudos for a fantastic post and a all round entertaining blog (I
    also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to browse it
    all at the moment but I have bookmarked it and also added in your RSS feeds,
    so when I have time I will be back to read much more, Please do keep up the awesome b.

  22. Hey I know this is off topic but I was wondering if you knew of any widgets I
    could add to my blog that automatically tweet my newest twitter updates.
    I’ve been looking for a plug-in like this for quite some time and was hoping maybe
    you would have some experience with something like this. Please let me know
    if you run into anything. I truly enjoy reading your blog and I look forward to your
    new updates.

  23. Heya! I know this is somewhat off-topic but I had to ask.
    Does running a well-established blog such as
    yours take a lot of work? I am completely new to running a blog however I do write in my journal daily.
    I’d like to start a blog so I will be able to share my experience and feelings
    online. Please let me know if you have any recommendations or tips for brand new
    aspiring blog owners. Appreciate it!

  24. I don’t know if it’s just me or if perhaps everybody else encountering problems with your website.
    It looks like some of the written text in your content are running off the
    screen. Can someone else please comment and let me know if this is happening to them as well?
    This might be a issue with my browser because I’ve had this happen before.
    Thank you

  25. Very good blog! Do you have any helpful hints for aspiring
    writers? I’m hoping to start my own site soon but I’m a little lost on everything.

    Would you recommend starting with a free platform like WordPress or go for a paid option? There are
    so many choices out there that I’m totally overwhelmed .. Any suggestions?
    Thanks!

  26. Greetings from Colorado! I’m bored at work so I decided to
    check out your website on my iphone during lunch
    break. I really like the information you present here and can’t wait to take a look when I get home.

    I’m amazed at how quick your blog loaded on my cell phone ..
    I’m not even using WIFI, just 3G .. Anyhow, amazing site!

  27. Hey there I am so excited I found your weblog, I really found you by error, while I was browsing on Bing for something else, Regardless I am here now and would just like to say thanks for a incredible
    post and a all round enjoyable blog (I also love
    the theme/design), I don’t have time to go through it all
    at the minute but I have saved it and also included your RSS feeds,
    so when I have time I will be back to read a lot more, Please
    do keep up the fantastic job.

  28. Undeniably believe that which you said. Your favorite reason seemed to
    be on the web the simplest factor to take note of. I say to you, I certainly get irked at the same time as
    folks consider worries that they just do not realize about.
    You controlled to hit the nail upon the highest and defined out the
    whole thing with no need side effect , folks can take a signal.
    Will probably be back to get more. Thank you