Seis años después, la situación de los trabajadores no ha cambiado en el país

KARACHI: La estructura ennegrecida y vacía de Ali Enterprises, la fábrica de Baldia, en la que más de 250 trabajadores del textil fueron quemados vivos, sigue siendo un horrible recordatorio de la tragedia que tuvo lugar en 2012.

Invitados por la Federación Nacional de Sindicatos (NTUF) y la Asociación de Baldia Factory Fire Affectees (ABFFA), las familias de los muertos se reunieron aquí el martes para conmemorar el sexto aniversario del incendio.

Representantes del Centro Europeo para los Derechos Constitucionales y Humanos (ECCHR), la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) y las ONG locales también estuvieron presentes en la ocasión junto con altos activistas y sindicalistas.

Familias de trabajadores fallecidos se reúnen para conmemorar el sexto aniversario del incendio de la fábrica de Baldia

Estaban los padres ancianos, madres, viudas, hermanos e hijos de los últimos trabajadores. Los niños pequeños que apenas eran niños pequeños hace seis años se aferraban a fotografías enmarcadas de sus difuntos padres.

«Los lugares de trabajo aún son inseguros. Hubo un trabajador que murió recientemente de una descarga eléctrica, hay trabajadores que mueren diariamente en los astilleros de Gadani, y hay víctimas en las minas de carbón, pero no encontramos ninguna mención de los trabajadores ni de ninguna instalación para ellos en el Agenda de 100 días del nuevo gobierno «, dijo.

«A los trabajadores ni siquiera se les da el derecho de hacer sindicatos en las organizaciones para las que trabajan, mientras que las grandes órdenes de ropa y otras cosas se subcontratan a fábricas y se espera que trabajen horas extras como esclavos sin ningún beneficio», dijo.

Saeeda Khatoon, quien perdió a su hijo de 18 años en el incendio y que fundó la ABFFA, dijo que los herederos de los mártires y mutilados todavía están esperando justicia incluso después de seis años.

«Han llamado a las puertas de los tribunales a nivel local e internacional para que se les pueda hacer justicia». Todavía están protestando «, dijo.

Karamat Ali, director ejecutivo del Instituto de Educación e Investigación Laboral de Pakistán (Piler), dijo que las instituciones formadas por el gobierno para el bienestar del trabajo no han cumplido con sus deberes y que están salvaguardando completamente los intereses de los empleadores.

«Las condiciones laborales en todas las entidades industriales, incluidas las fábricas textiles y de confección que fabrican productos para marcas internacionales, son peores que las condiciones de esclavitud.

«Los propietarios de las fábricas locales, las marcas internacionales y los departamentos gubernamentales relacionados con el trabajo han formado un nexo antiobrera y ahora apenas hay un 1 por ciento de 68,000,000 de trabajadores que tienen el derecho de hacer sindicatos», dijo.

«Los trabajadores calificados aquí no reciben ni siquiera el salario mínimo según lo prescrito por el gobierno para los trabajadores no calificados. Y existe un sistema de contratos de terceros en el 95 por ciento de las fábricas, lo que va en contra del veredicto del Tribunal Supremo de Pakistán. El derecho a la seguridad social y las pensiones también solo está disponible para el cinco por ciento de los trabajadores «, dijo.

‘Células de la muerte’

Gul Rahman, presidente de NTUF en Sindh, dijo que las fábricas como Ali Enterprises no eran diferentes a las ‘células de la muerte’.

«Los supervisores de estas fábricas son rudos y desagradables. Ellos tratarán y amenazarán a los trabajadores «, dijo.

Zaheer Arif de la OIT dijo que intentaron crear una estructura de compensación para las familias de los que murieron en el incendio de la fábrica de Baldia.

«Diseñamos la estructura de compensación con Piler, NTUF, Sindh Employees Social Security Institution (Sessi), etc., y ya se ha transferido dinero en las cuentas de los familiares de unos 200 trabajadores que podrían ser identificados», dijo.

Habibuddin Janaidi del Buró Laboral Popular dijo que incluso si las familias fueron compensadas, realmente no hay reemplazo o compensación por la vida de un ser querido. «Su pérdida nunca se puede llenar», le dio condolencias a las afligidas familias de los últimos trabajadores.

Liaquat Sahi, secretario general de la Unión Democrática del Banco del Estado, dijo que el gobierno y las legislaturas se exponían por su actitud descuidada hacia los trabajadores, especialmente las familias de los últimos trabajadores de Ali Enterprises.

Añadió que estaba sorprendido por los comentarios del jefe de justicia de Pakistán de que no estaba a favor de los sindicatos.

«Escucharlo decir tales cosas es como presenciar el funeral de los sindicatos en este país», agregó.

Otros oradores, incluidos el presidente de NTUF Rafiq Baloch, Miriam Saage de ECCHR, Liana Foxvog de Clean Cloth Campaign, Abdul Aziz de ABFFA, Bashir Shakir de Pakistan Textile Federation, Niaz Khan de Carpet Workers Union y Riaz Abbasi de NTUF también lamentaron que todo esto sea a pesar de los convenios de la OIT, el GSP Plus y los acuerdos marco mundiales.

Dijeron que las marcas internacionales fabrican sus productos en fábricas locales mientras engañan a sus compradores por no violar ningún derecho laboral o humano y usan compañías privadas de auditoría social que les emiten certificados falsos luego de recibir dinero de ellos, alegando que estas fábricas respetan el derecho internacional. normas laborales y de seguridad.

Publicado en Dawn, 12 de septiembre de 2018

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